THE
NEUROTIC CONSTITUTION

OUTLINES
OF A COMPARATIVE INDIVIDUALISTIC
PSYCHOLOGY AND PSYCHOTHERAPY

BY
DR. ALFRED ADLER
Vienna

Authorized English Translation by

BERNARD GLUECK, M.D.
Director, Psychiatric Clinic, Sing Sing Prison

and

JOHN E. LIND, M.D.
Senior Assistant Physician, Saint Elizabeth's Hospital;
Associate Psychiatist, Washington Asylum Hospital,
and Instructor in Psychiatry, Georgetown Medical College


NEW YORK
MOFFAT, YARD AND COMPANY
1917





COPYRIGHT, 1916
MOFFAT, YARD AND COMPANY
NEW YORK

Reprinted November, 1917





CONTENTS

CHAPTER PAGE
PREFACE iii iv
THEORETICAL PART
INTRODUCTION v vi
I. The Origin and Development of the Feeling of Inferiority and the Consequences Thereof 1
II. Psychic Compensation and its Synthesis 35
III. The Accentuated Fiction as the Guiding Idea in the Neurosis 51
PRACTICAL PART
I. Avarice, Suspiciousness, Envy, Cruelty, The derogatory critique of the neurotic, neurotic apperception, senile neuroses, changes in the form and intensity of the fiction. Somatic jargon (organ-jargon) 127
II. The neurotic extension of limits through asceticism, love, desire to travel, crime. Simulation and neurosis. Feeling of inferiority of the female sex. Purpose of an ideal. Doubt as an expression of psychic hermaphroditism. Masturbation and neurosis. The incest-complex as a symbol of craving for dominancy. The nature of the delirium. (Delirium used in the sense of the French une Delire 208
III. Neurotic principles: sympathy, coquetry, narcissism, Psychic hermaphroditism, Hallucinatory security, Virtue, conscience, pedantry, fanatic attachment to truth 246
IV. The derogatory tendency to disparage others; Obstinacy and wildness; The sexual relations of neurotics as a means of comparison; Symbolic emasculation; Feeling of being belittled; Equality to man as a life-plan; Simulation and neurosis; Substitute for masculinity; Impatience; Discontent; Inaccessibility 281
V. Cruelty. Conscience. Perversion and neurosis 324
VI. The antithesis above-beneath, Choice of a profession. Somnambulism, Antithesis in thought, Elevation of the personality through the disparagement of others, Jealousy, Neurotic auxiliaries, Authoritativeness, Thinking in antithesis and the masculine protest, Dilatory attitude and marriage, The tendency upward as a symbol of life, Compulsion to masturbation, The neurotic striving for knowledge 334
VII. Punctuality, The will to be first, Homosexuality and perversion as a symbol, Modesty and exhibitionism, Constancy and inconstancy, Jealousy 361
VIII. Fear of the partner; The ideal in the neurosis; Insomnia and compulsion to sleep; Neurotic comparison of man and woman; Forms of the fear of the wife 383
IX. Self-reproaches, self-torture, Contrition and asceticism, Flagellation, Neuroses in children; Suicide and suicidal ideas 412
X. The neurotic's esprit de famille, Refractoriness and obedience, Silence and loquaciousness, The tendency to contrariness 436
Conclusion 443
Authors' Contributions referred to in this book 447





PREFACE

After I had made the attempt to investigate in the "Studie über Minderwertigkeit von Organen," the structure and tectonic of organs in association with their genetic basis, their functional capability and destiny, I proceeded, supporting myself upon already available data as well as upon my own experience, to apply the same method in the study of psychopathology. In the book before us are embraced the most important results of my comparative, individual-psychologic studies of the neuroses.

As was the case in the theory of somatic inferiority, an empiric basis is made use of in comparative individual-psychology for the purpose of establishing a fictive standard of normality in order to enable one to measure and compare with it grades of deviation from it. In both of these scientific endeavors, the comparative method of study reckons with the origin of phenomena, dismisses from consideration the present and seeks to outline from them the future. This method of approach leads us to view the compulsion of evolution and the pathological elaboration as the result of a conflict which breaks forth in the




The Neurotic Constitution
Outlines of a Comparative Individualistic Psychology and Psychotherapy
by
Alfred Adler
New York
Moffat, Yard and Company
1917

First Internet Edition 1997

Rutgers University Libraries
Library of Science and Medicine
RC415.A43 1916


Omnipædia Polyglotta
Francisco López Rodríguez
[email protected]
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